Use Arrow Functions

Arrow functions are a concise syntax that can often replace the regular function syntax. For example, function(x, y) { return x * y } can be replaced with (x, y) => { return x * y; }.

However, arrow functions have different semantics and cannot replace regular functions in all cases. In particular, the scope of arrow functions (including binding of this) is established at creation time. This difference makes arrow functions unsuitable for using them as methods, constructors, and in call, apply, and bind calls.

Learn More: Arrow Function Expressions (MDN)

This refactoring can change the semantics of your code in some cases.

Anonymous functions are converted into arrow functions unless there is direct usage of this, arguments, etc. The replaced functions might be used in other parts of the codebase in ways that are incompatible with arrow functions, for example:

as methods
as constructors
with bind, apply, or call

In those cases, changing them into arrow functions may lead to undesired behavior and errors at runtime. However, this refactoring does not convert functions that have reference to this, unless they are immediately bound, and will therefore prevent many of those errors.

const f = function() {
    console.log("my function");
};

// problematic usages of 'f' that do not work with arrow functions somewhere else 
// in the code, potentially in a different module:
const example1 = new f()
const example2 = {
    exampleMethod: f
};
const example3 = f.bind(this);

Original Code

JavaScript/TypeScript

Changes

Transformed Code

const f1 = x => x * x

const f2 = () => {
  console.log(this);
};

const f3 = function named() {
  console.log("not turned into arrow function");
}

Explore More

Next Refactoring: Use let and const to Declare Variables

let and const are block-scope variable declarations that can replace 'var' declarations in many cases.

1	const f1 = function (x) {	1	const f1 = x => x * x
2	return x * x;
3	}
4		2
5	const f2 = function() {	3	const f2 = () => {
6	console.log(this);	4	console.log(this);
7	}.bind(this);	5	};
8		6
9	const f3 = function named() {	7	const f3 = function named() {
10	console.log("not turned into arrow function");	8	console.log("not turned into arrow function");